India’s cotton import bill surged by 92% in 2025, while import volumes recorded a sharp 130% increase, reflecting tight domestic supply and strong demand from the textile industry.
According to trade data, the spike in imports comes amid lower domestic production and rising consumption by spinning mills, which have been grappling with limited availability of high-quality cotton in the local market. The imbalance has pushed manufacturers to increasingly rely on overseas suppliers to maintain operations.
Industry sources noted that adverse weather conditions in key cotton-growing regions and fluctuations in acreage have impacted output, tightening supplies and driving up prices. As a result, imports have become a viable option for mills seeking consistent quality and competitive pricing.
Major sourcing destinations for India include countries such as the United States, Brazil, and Australia, which offer contamination-free and longer-staple cotton suited for premium yarn production. The influx of imported cotton has helped stabilize mill activity but has also contributed to a higher import bill.
Export dynamics have also played a role, with earlier shipments reducing domestic availability and further straining supply chains. Textile manufacturers have urged policymakers to ensure balanced trade measures to support both farmers and the downstream industry.
Experts suggest that the surge in imports could be temporary, depending on the upcoming harvest and government interventions to boost productivity and acreage. However, sustained demand from the textile sector may continue to influence import trends in the near term.
The government is closely monitoring the situation, with potential policy responses aimed at improving domestic output, enhancing supply chain efficiency, and reducing volatility in the cotton market.
