Ports and inland logistics networks have emerged as the primary constraints in global supply chains, replacing vessel shortages as the main source of disruption, according to industry analysts.
While shipping capacity has largely stabilized in recent months, congestion at ports, rail terminals, and road networks is increasingly delaying cargo movement. Limited yard space, labour shortages, and inefficient cargo evacuation systems are contributing to longer dwell times and rising logistics costs.
Stakeholders note that bottlenecks are particularly severe at major gateway ports, where high cargo volumes are overwhelming existing infrastructure. Inland connectivity issues, including rail capacity constraints and trucking delays, are further compounding the problem, slowing the flow of goods from ports to final destinations.
The shift highlights the growing importance of end-to-end supply chain efficiency, with logistics providers and governments focusing more on landside improvements rather than maritime capacity alone. Investments in port modernization, digitalization, and intermodal connectivity are being accelerated to address these challenges.
Analysts warn that unless inland infrastructure and port operations are strengthened, supply chain disruptions could persist despite adequate vessel availability, continuing to impact global trade flows and freight costs.
